\documentclass[12pt, a4paper, oneside]{ctexbook}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb, bm, graphicx, hyperref, mathrsfs}

\title{\vspace{-4cm}{\Huge{\textbf{笔记本标题}}}\\——副标题}
\author{杨泽天}
\date{\today}
\linespread{1.5}
\newtheorem{theorem}{定理}[section]
\newtheorem{definition}[theorem]{定义}
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{引理}
\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{推论}
\newtheorem{example}[theorem]{例}
\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{命题}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\pagenumbering{roman}
\setcounter{page}{1}

\begin{center}
    \Huge\textbf{前言}
\end{center}~\

这是笔记的前言部分.
~\\
\begin{flushright}
    \begin{tabular}{c}
        Dylaaan \\
        \today
    \end{tabular}
\end{flushright}

\newpage
\pagenumbering{Roman}
\setcounter{page}{1}
\tableofcontents
\newpage
\setcounter{page}{1}
\pagenumbering{arabic}

\chapter{章节标题}

在这里可以输入笔记的内容.

\section{小节标题}

这是笔记的正文部分.

\end{document}